【摘要】 目的 : 报道胫前动脉踝上皮支皮瓣的显微外科解剖学基础。方法 : 在 14 侧经动脉灌注红色乳
胶成人下肢标本 , 解剖观测胫前动脉踝上皮支的起始、 走行、 外径、 长度及分支等 ,2 侧成人下肢标本灌注
墨汁观察该皮支的墨染范围。结果 : 胫前动脉踝上皮支于踝间连线上方
(3. 5
± 0. 6) cm 自胫前动脉发出 ,
然后向小腿内侧方向绕过胫骨前缘分出升支和降支 , 升支紧贴胫骨前内侧骨面 , 向内上方向行至一段距离
后穿深筋膜入皮。踝上皮支长
(2. 1
± 0. 6)cm , 起点外径
(1. 1
± 0. 2) mm , 伴行静脉 2 条。升支入筋膜前外
径
(0. 4
± 0. 1) mm 。降支向内下方向走行 , 并与踝前血管网吻合。结论 : 胫前动脉踝上皮支是胫前动脉在
小腿踝上部的主要皮血管 , 分支营养骨膜 , 可在小腿中下段设计以此血管为蒂的皮瓣、 骨膜瓣、 骨膜皮瓣或
骨皮瓣。
【关键词】外科皮瓣 ; 胫前动脉 ; 踝上皮支 ; 显微外科解剖
【中图分类号】 R616. 2 ;R322. 121 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1001 - 165X(2003)03 - 0214 - 03
Microsurgical anatomy of the flap pedicled with superior malleolus cutaneous branch of anterior tibial artery
ZHANG Hong 2 quan , WANG Jiang 2 ning , L I Jin , et al.
Department of Orthopedics , Central Hospital of Dalian City , Dalian 116033 , China
【 Abstract 】 Objecives : To report microsurgical anatomy basis for a new flap based on the superior malleolus
cutaneous branch of the anterior tibial artery. Methods : The origin , course , diameter , length and branches of
the superior malleolus cutaneous branch of the anterior tibia were observed on 14 sides of adult low extremity
specimens perfused with red latex. The blood supply range of the artery was observed on 2 sides of fresh low ex 2
tremity specimens injected with black ink. Results : The superior malleolus cutaneous branch of the anterior
artery was found in all specimens. The artery originated from the anterior tibial artery at the 3. 5 ± 0. 6 cm prox 2
imal to the intermalleolus , runs proximally to the tibial cres , giving off ascending branches nourishing the soft
tissue of the superior malleolus and descending branches. The length of the artery was 2. 1 ± 0. 6 cm. Accompa 2
nied by two veins , its diameter at the original site was 1. 1 ± 0. 2 mm. Conclusion : The superior malleolus cuta 2
neous branch of the anterior tibial artery is a main branch of the anterior tibial artery at the superior ankle with
constant anatomy. It is one of the main nourishing arteries of skin at the medial and lower segment of the leg.
Different kinds of flap and combined tissue flap could be designed based on the artery.
【 Key words 】 surgical flap ; anterior tibial artery; superior malleolus cutaneous branch; microsurgical
anatomy
